![]() Some observers describe three partitions of California, with north and south sections separated by Central California. For example, the Central Valley is a region that is distinct both culturally and topographically from coastal California, though in northern versus southern California divisions, the Sacramento Valley and most of the San Joaquin Valley are usually placed in northern California. Because of California's large size and diverse geography, the state can be subdivided in other ways as well. Popularly, though, "Northern California" usually refers to the state's northernmost 48 counties. California's north–south midway division is around 37°N, which is near the level of San Francisco. Northern California is not a formal geographic designation. 15.1 Major league professional sports teams.12 Cities and towns with more than 50,000 inhabitants.8.2 National Monuments and other federally protected areas.4.3 Population and agricultural expansion (1855–1899).4.1.6 Californian independence and beginning of the United States era.In 1770, the Spanish mission at Monterey was the first European settlement in the area, followed by other missions along the coast-eventually extending as far north as Sonoma County. The arrival of European explorers from the early 16th to the mid-18th centuries did not establish European settlements in northern California. Įvidence of Native American habitation in the area dates from at least 19,000 years ago and successive waves of arrivals led to one of the most densely populated areas of pre-Columbian North America. The megaregion's area is instead defined from Metropolitan Fresno north to Greater Sacramento, and from the Bay Area east across Nevada state line to encompass the entire Lake Tahoe- Reno area. The 48-county definition is not used for the Northern California Megaregion, one of the 11 megaregions of the United States. Northern California also contains redwood forests, along with most of the Sierra Nevada, including Yosemite Valley and part of Lake Tahoe, Mount Shasta (the second-highest peak in the Cascade Range after Mount Rainier in Washington), and most of the Central Valley, one of the world's most productive agricultural regions. Spanning the state's northernmost 48 counties, its main population centers include the San Francisco Bay Area (anchored by the cities of San Jose, San Francisco, and Oakland), the Greater Sacramento area (anchored by the state capital Sacramento), the Redding, California area south of the Cascade Range, and the Metropolitan Fresno area (anchored by the city of Fresno). Northern California (colloquially known as NorCal) is a geographic and cultural region that generally comprises the northern portion of the U.S.
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